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Satelit Satria-1: Terobosan Baru Indonesia dalam Meningkatkan Konektivitas Nasional – Himpunan Mahasiswa Sistem Informasi ITS
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Satelit Satria-1: Terobosan Baru Indonesia dalam Meningkatkan Konektivitas Nasional


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Foto: Peluncuran Satelit Satria-1 (Sumber: SpaceX)

Satelit Republik Indonesia (Satria-1) sukses diluncurkan dari Cape Canaveral, Florida, Amerika Serikat, pada Senin (19/6/2023) Pukul 18.21 waktu Florida atau Pukul 05.21 WIB. Peluncuran Satria-1 mengalami penundaan sekitar 15 menit dari jadwal semula yang direncanakan pada pukul 18.04 waktu setempat. Penundaan ini dikarenakan adanya angin kencang di sekitar area peluncuran. Satria-1 dibawa roket Falcon 9 dari SpaceX, perusahaan milik Elon Musk. Falcon 9 adalah roket yang mendarat vertikal dan bisa dipakai ulang untuk misi selanjutnya. Proses peluncuran roket ini berlangsung dengan cepat hanya selama sekitar 10 menit. 

Setelah sukses diluncurkan, satelit tersebut mengalami proses pelepasan tahap II atau melepaskan satelit ke orbit pada hari yang sama pukul 05.59 WIB. Satelit ini akan beroperasi di orbit 146 Bujur Timur (BT) atau tepat di atas Pulau Papua. Usai berada di orbit, satelit Satria-1 ini tidak bisa langsung digunakan namun harus menunggu 145 hari untuk menjalankan beberapa tes. Setidaknya Indonesia baru bisa memanfaatkan penuh satelit ini pada bulan Januari 2024.

Satelit berkapasitas 150 GBps ini dibangun oleh Satelit Nusantara 3 dan dirakit Thales Alenia Space (TAS) di Prancis memakai platform SpaceBus NEO dan menggunakan teknologi Very High-Throughput Satellite (VHTS) dan frekuensi Ka-Band. Biaya investasi pembuatan Satria-1 mengalami pembengkakkan yang awalnya US$450 juta (sekitar Rp6,6 triliun) menjadi US$540 juta (sekitar Rp8 triliun). Pemicunya adalah perubahan rencana pengangkutan satelit dari Prancis ke Florida. Semula, pengangkutannya hendak memakai Pesawat Antonov. Rencana ini berubah akibat masalah teknis dan geopolitik global antara Rusia dan Ukraina yang sedang memanas.

Satelit Satria-1 dibuat dengan tujuan menyediakan layanan internet bagi masyarakat Indonesia di daerah terdepan, tertinggal, dan terluar (3T). Rencananya satelit ini bisa memfasilitasi layanan internet di 50 ribu titik fasilitas publik dengan kecepatan 4 Mbps. Satelit ini akan menyediakan internet di kantor-kantor pemerintah yang tidak terjangkau jaringan fiber optik dalam 10 tahun ke depan. Kominfo mengklaim masyarakat umum juga bisa menikmati layanan internet Satria-1, caranya ialah dengan menumpang alias nebeng layanan Wi-Fi di kantor-kantor pemerintahan itu.

“Masyarakat nanti bisa menikmati (layanan internet gratis). Ini kan dipancarluaskan oleh Wi-Fi, jadi masyarakat mungkin yang mau menggunakan internet bisa saja merapat ke sekolah, ke kantor-kantor TNI, syukur-syukur bisa menjangkau rumah-rumah mereka,” kata Direktur Jenderal Informasi dan Komunikasi Publik Kominfo Usman Kansong.

Penulis : Yudhistira Azhar Haryono Putra

Editor : I Kadek Wahyu Dwi Pranatasana, Abraham Mauritz Talakua

Sumber Referensi :

https://www.menpan.go.id/site/berita-terkini/berita-daerah/satelit-satria-1-sukses-diluncurkan-11-stasiun-bumi-ikut-nobar

https://www.viva.co.id/digital/teknopedia/1610390-sejarah-satria-1-satelit-terbesar-di-asia

https://www.cnnindonesia.com/teknologi/20230620062807-213-964043/fakta-fakta-peluncuran-satelit-satria-1-yang-nyaris-tanpa-insiden/1

https://katadata.co.id/ira/berita/648f950542ea3/mengenal-satria-1-satelit-internet-ri-yang-resmi-meluncur-ke-angkasa

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