Climate is the average weather in a place over many years. Climate change is a shift in those average conditions. The rapid climate change we are now seeing is caused by humans using oil, gas, and coal for their homes, factories, and transport. When these fossil fuels burn, they release greenhouse gases - mostly carbon dioxide (CO2). These gases trap the Sun's heat and cause the planet's temperature to rise.
The report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a body of experts convened by the United Nations, warns that unless countries drastically accelerate efforts over the next few years to slash their emissions from coal, oil, and natural gas, the goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius, will likely be out of reach by the end of this decade. Last year, worldwide fossil fuel emissions soared after a brief decline due to the coronavirus pandemic. And while 195 governments have agreed to discuss strategies countries can take to halt global warming, it comes as Russia's invasion of Ukraine has caused oil and gas prices to skyrocket, distracting political attention from climate change. Those things will certainly hinder the process of tackling climate change.
Recently the Thwaites Glacier in Antarctica is melting rapidly. This glacier is one of the most unstable in Antarctica with the size of Florida. This is very worrying because it can cause the sea level to rise. "What we realized as biologists and chemists and ecosystems scientists was, our ecosystem was also being impacted," said Patricia Yager, a professor in the Department of Marine Science at the University of Georgia. Especially ecosystems that are underwater. One thing Yager has learned is that the entire food chain is affected. From small phytoplankton to larger seals and penguins, are affected. That's one of the big changes that happened because of climate change
Everyone can help limit climate change. From the way we travel, to the electricity we use, and the food we eat, we can make a difference. Start with these actions to help tackle the climate crisis.